Personally, I'd join the Plymouth Caving Group, as they are a bunch of good people and do all the trips above board, with permission and a fair few of them have some serious expertise.
There are several groups of people poking around at various times, but they meet inconsistently and often are doing stuff very unsuitable for novices! I gathered the other day that one of the chaps did a 220ft shaft as his first drop. Nuts.
There are also some experts doing exactly what you are "Ferret" on here is Mr Environmental Mining Chemistry and a few more of them do it professionally.
I don't mind having some hangers on when we do something local and suitable....
As for the adits, you need a set of the Hamilton Jenkin maps, which you can either precure from someone who has one, or buy a set from teh interwebz.
http://www.cornwalldevonmineralspecimens.co.uk/shop/customer/home.php?cat=45 As you can see, they are rather pricey. But the information contained is the key to utterly awesome trips.