In the case I described the primary Cu source was a 5cm rib of rather sheared-up chalcopyrite. That would liberate both the metal and sulphate anions quite happily as it reacted with rainwater - which also contains dissolved carbon dioxide, so that carbonate ions are available to make malachite. The site is not far from the coast and in storms salt spray gets well inland, making available the chloride ions for connellite to form. I guess the copper and cuprite, forming within the rock itself, point to the anoxic conditions in such places, not exposed directly to the air.