Mmm.. an interesting site on water power, he's added quite a bit to it since I was looking at it for water motors/turbines to drive the double Hunter tunneller a few years ago. He does seem to have missed the Amos & Francis 1859 patent pumping engines which were used at Penrhyn Quarry (and probably nowhere else) though. Contrary to the caption on the picture, and my own caption, we now have evidence both engines were constructed by Easton & Amos. The engine in the picture is the "No.2"
From the I.C.E. Minutes of 1877:
1877 Vol 50 January I.C.E. Minutes Discussion: The History of the modern development of water-pressure machinery.
The largest three-cylinder engines which he (Mr.Rice) knew were some made for Lord Penrhyn by Messrs. Eastons and Amos in 1869. The cylinders were 11.3 inches in diameter by 3 feet 6 inches stroke ; they worked under a water pressure of 190 feet at 17 revolutions per minute, and drove a set of large 3-throw pumps in a slate-mine shaft 120 feet deep.
They had been worked constantly for the last eight years with great success ; and latterly, another set of similar machinery had been erected at the same place.
If, however, the work had been intermittent instead of constant, it was a question whether turbines, or partial turbines, would not have answered the purpose at a smaller first cost.
As it was, the engines had acted admirably, and had cost very little for repairs. Thanks to Tim Oulton for pointing out this reference.
The date for the first engine is incorrect - I'll post the correction when I can find my notes!
Grahami
1920s Photo
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Original Patent (From the "Engineer")
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Remaining frame of No.1 Engine at surface, 2004.
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The map is the territory - especially in chain scale.