There are two main underground mines in Kitwe, Nkana in the south-west and Mindolo in the north-west. Nkana includes a concentrator, smelter and refinery, as well as a cobalt plant producing about 1800 tonnes per year, operated by Mopani Copper Mines plc.[4] There are extensive mine tailings around both mines, and two small tailings dams right in the city centre. There are also small-scale emerald mines in the area.
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